Research Progress of Piriformospora indica in Improving Plant Growth and Stress Resistance to Plant

Piriformospora indica (Serendipita indica), a mycorrhizal fungus, has garnered significant attention in recent decades owing to its distinctive capacity stimulate plant growth and augment resilience against environmental stressors. As an axenically cultivable P. exhibits remarkable ability colonize varieties of plants promote symbiotic processes by directly influencing nutrient acquisition hormone metabolism. The interaction raises production including ethylene (ET), jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellin (GA), salicylic (SA), abscisic (ABA), which also promotes root proliferation, facilitating improved acquisition, subsequently leading enhanced productivity. Additionally, the defense system was employed colonization genes associated with oxidation resistance were activated subsequently. This fungus-mediated response elicits elevation enzyme activity antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and, finally, bolsters tolerance. Furthermore, can initiate local systemic immune responses fungal viral diseases through signal transduction mechanisms RNA interference regulating gene expression sRNA secretion. Consequently, serve diverse roles such as promoter, biofertilizer, bioprotectant, bioregulator, bioactivator. A comprehensive review literature will facilitate elucidation mechanistic foundations underlying indica–crop interactions. Such discussions significantly contribute in-depth comprehension mechanisms, potential applications, consequential effects on crop protection, enhancement, sustainable agricultural practices.